Cardiac Growth And Remodeling Was Tested To Maintain Tensional Homeostasis In Hypertension Conditions
Cardiac growth and remodeling patterns affect ventricular size, shape, and function globally and locally.
Author:Suleman ShahReviewer:Han JuMay 13, 202222 Shares1.1K Views
Cardiac growth and remodelingpatterns affect ventricular size, shape, and function globally and locally. These patterns are influenced by biomechanical, neurohormonal, and genetic inputs that cause changes in myocyte dimension and fibrosis. Based on the homogenized restricted mixture theory, a team of researchers headed by Amadeus M. Gebauer from the Technical University of Munich, Germany, devised a unique microstructure-motivated model that predicts organ scale cardiac development and remodeling in the heart. Previous models based on kinematic growth theory recreated the implications of cardiac development and remodeling in bulk cardiac tissue by dictating the direction and extent of growth but ignored the underlying cellular processes. Intracellular and extracellular turnover mechanisms in the heart's tissue components and its preferred homeostatic stretch state influenced how quickly this model's heart grew and how much.
The researchers presented a technique for obtaining a mechanobiological equilibrated reference configuration. The model was evaluated on an idealized 3D left ventricular shape, demonstrating that it sought to preserve tensional homeostasis under hypertension situations. They detected stable and unstable cardiac development zones and remodeling in a stability map using a similar parameter set with variable systolic pressures and growth factors. They demonstrated the amount of cardiac development and remodeling reversal after bringing systolic pressure to baseline in patients with stage 1 and 2 hypertension. A realistic organ scale cardiac growth and remodeling can help doctors find people at risk of heart failure, help them find the best way to treat them, and help them design the best medical devices.
Cardiac Growth And Remodeling
Homogenized restricted mixture models capture the mass increments and their stress-free configuration in a temporally homogenized sense, requiring just one equivalent stress-free configuration for each ingredient to be kept. Cardiac growth and remodeling are expressed phenomenologically in the kinematic growth theory by establishing an inelastic cardiac development and remodeling tensor. Through temporal homogenization of mass turnover, the remodeling deformation gradient was derived from the concept of the entire constrained mixture. This model is driven by mechanobiology and has computing costs equivalent to kinematic growth theory. They modeled the components' constant turnover and how it produces inelastic remodeling. The modeling of the volume change due to the mass increase is still absent.
Mechanobiological Stability
They investigated the mechanobiological stability of the heart development and remodeling model about external stress and mechanobiological critical factors. Previous cardiac development and remodeling models based on kinematic growth theory predetermined the direction and degree of growth. This model order and degree of development and remodeling of cardiac tissue component intra and extracellular turnover mechanisms. The model can predict both stable and unstable cardiac configurations because it sees the rise in left ventricular pressure as a change in the myocardium's healthy homeostatic condition.
Reversal And Phenotype
Myocardial tissue is living tissue that may expand and contract. On the other hand, many current computer models have centered their modeling on mass growth. This would suffice if just the pathological example were of interest. Despite the pressure reverting to its baseline value, the development and remodeling during the initial unstable hypertension phase resulted in permanent growth and remodeling. This was also seen in actual hearts: Adaptive growth owing to increased blood demand (for example, during exercise or pregnancy) is sometimes referred to as reversible development. In contrast, maladaptive change is referred to as irreversible growth.
Eccentric hypertension in the left ventricle causes dilatation of the ventricle with decreased wall thickness, known as eccentric hypertrophy. The prevailing consensus is that a pressure-loaded ventricle reacts with concentric hypertrophy, defined by increased wall thickness but no change in total heart diameter. However, other research shows that this tendency is less clear. Eccentric hypertrophy was much more common in hypertension than concentric hypertrophy. People who study how cardiomyocytes grow and change could use the microstructure-based development and remodeling model to guide basic research into how cardiomyocytes respond to changes in the mechanical environment.
Conclusion
The researchers distinguished between mechanobiologically stable and mechanobiologically unstable growth and remodeling. However, there were cases where the shape change was too harmful; heart failure occurred despite growth and remodeling reaching a stable limit, or cases where unstable growth and remodeling occurred on such a long scale that the deleterious shape did change after the patient's natural death. To show the short-term effects of heart failure, you need a simulation that includes the heart growth and remodeling scale and the heart cycle scale.
Suleman Shah
Author
Suleman Shah is a researcher and freelance writer. As a researcher, he has worked with MNS University of Agriculture, Multan (Pakistan) and Texas A & M University (USA). He regularly writes science articles and blogs for science news website immersse.com and open access publishers OA Publishing London and Scientific Times. He loves to keep himself updated on scientific developments and convert these developments into everyday language to update the readers about the developments in the scientific era. His primary research focus is Plant sciences, and he contributed to this field by publishing his research in scientific journals and presenting his work at many Conferences.
Shah graduated from the University of Agriculture Faisalabad (Pakistan) and started his professional carrier with Jaffer Agro Services and later with the Agriculture Department of the Government of Pakistan. His research interest compelled and attracted him to proceed with his carrier in Plant sciences research. So, he started his Ph.D. in Soil Science at MNS University of Agriculture Multan (Pakistan). Later, he started working as a visiting scholar with Texas A&M University (USA).
Shah’s experience with big Open Excess publishers like Springers, Frontiers, MDPI, etc., testified to his belief in Open Access as a barrier-removing mechanism between researchers and the readers of their research. Shah believes that Open Access is revolutionizing the publication process and benefitting research in all fields.
Han Ju
Reviewer
Hello! I'm Han Ju, the heart behind World Wide Journals. My life is a unique tapestry woven from the threads of news, spirituality, and science, enriched by melodies from my guitar. Raised amidst tales of the ancient and the arcane, I developed a keen eye for the stories that truly matter. Through my work, I seek to bridge the seen with the unseen, marrying the rigor of science with the depth of spirituality.
Each article at World Wide Journals is a piece of this ongoing quest, blending analysis with personal reflection. Whether exploring quantum frontiers or strumming chords under the stars, my aim is to inspire and provoke thought, inviting you into a world where every discovery is a note in the grand symphony of existence.
Welcome aboard this journey of insight and exploration, where curiosity leads and music guides.
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